As in a study in 2014, Clioquinol induced mTOR pathway suppression that resulted in autophagy-mediated apoptosis in leukemic and myeloma cells (15), also it was shown, by Dennis J. Goussetis in 2010, that Arsenic trioxide (A2O3) generates anti-leukemic responses in primary progenitors of AML by utilizing autophagy mechanisms in-vitro (16). This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and plasma cell myeloma.