Consistently, the phenotype of deletion of VMP1 is different from that of factors required for lipoprotein export from the ER lumen to the Golgi (Figure 7D); deletion of TANGO1, TALI (Santos et al., 2016), cTAGE5 (Wang et al., 2016), or SURF4 (Saegusa et al., 2018) does not cause an accumulation of large lipid-containing structures in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells or epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Here, VMP1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.