The higher frequency of the combination of KIR2DS5 activating gene with its C2 ligand (KIR2DS5/C2+) was associated with MB leprosy patients when compared to healthy subjects (29.6% vs. 21.8%, P = 0.048, adjusted OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.02–2.21). The gene discussed is C2; the disease is leprosy.