Others further reported that COLI activated DDR2 rather than integrin or TGF-βR to stimulate ERK2 in a Src-dependent manner; activated DDR2 then phosphorylated Snail1 at S82 and S104 and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β activity, ultimately contributing to sustained MMP-14 and collagen synthesis in breast cancer [47]. Here, DDR2 is linked to breast cancer.