Collagen stiffness induced melanoma differentiation through the Yes-associated protein (YAP)/pax3/microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) axis, but in the presence of fibroblasts, TGF-β suppressed YAP/pax3/MITF expression and induced YAP/transcriptional enhanced associate domain/Smad-driven transcription, leading to dedifferentiation [33]. The gene discussed is MITF; the disease is melanoma.