CD4 and myeloid sarcoma: When analyzing cytokine production in αβ T cells, percentages of IL-17A+, IL-4+, GM-CSF+, and IL-17A+GM-CSF+ CD4+ T cells were lower in untreated MS patients than in HCs (padj = 0.017, 0.011, 0.002, and 0.010, respectively), and percentages of GM-CSF+ CD4+ T cells were also lower in IFN-β-treated MS than in HCs (padj = 0.034, Additional file 1: Table S6).