Results of the unadjusted binary logistic regression showed that advanced maternal age, marital status, level of education, employment status, MUAC ≥28 cm, parity, previous history of GDM, family history of DM, history of having macrocosmic baby, history of abortion, history of stillbirth, SBP, DBP, anemia (Hb < 11 g/dl), level of physical activity, dietary diversity, and antenatal depression were associated with GDM. Here, GSTM1 is linked to anemia (phenotype).