A large case-control study conducted by Bailey et al. [118] on 7,854 patients with T1D and 8,758 healthy controls from Great Britain, provided evidence for the association of two SNPs (rs10877012 and rs4646536) in CYP27B1—the gene encoding the vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase—with T1D. Here, CYP27B1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.