TNF and Alzheimer disease: Considering the relevance of Th1, Th2, Th22 and Th17 axes to AD immunopathogenesis, first, we evaluated the influence of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEA and SEB) on CD4+ T cells producing IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-22, MIP-1β and TNF according to the gating strategy shown in Fig. 2a.