DNTTIP2 (a regulator of chromatin remodelling involved in B cells differentiation and maturation32, IQCG (a calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase) and PRDM16 (a repressor of TGF-beta signalling) have been shown to have enriched gene expression in patients with COPD and/or emphysema33,34. Here, PRDM16 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.