IFNG and pulmonary tuberculosis: In macrophages, vitamin D is implicated in the activation of cathelicidin-mediated killing of ingested mycobacteria [5,48] induction of IFN-γ-mediated activity in macrophages [6], induction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species [7], stimulation of phagolysosome fusion in infected macrophages [8], and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases involved in the pathogenesis of cavitary pulmonary TB [49].