PCSK9 and infection: In mice, deletion of Pcsk9 attenuated cytokine and physiological responses to LPS, and treatment with a PCSK9 inhibitor improved survival in a model of sepsis.4 Also, in patients with septic shock, the presence of PCSK9 LOF variants was associated with improved survival.4 Consequently, drugs that inhibit PCSK9 are under investigation as a therapy for sepsis.5 Moreover, because sepsis represents an extreme on a continuum of illness, the effects of PCSK9 inhibition could be more far-reaching and may not only treat sepsis but also prevent the progression from serious infection to sepsis.