TIGAR and cancer: It is important to note that due to pleiotropic role of TIGAR in cancer metabolism, TIGAR KD is expected to produce pleiotropic effects including the increase in DNA damage, likely contributed by the combined effects of deficiencies in ROS mitigation and DNA repair, and the increase in senescence, likely contributed by the combined effects of DNA damage and subsequent checkpoint activation, a decrease in nucleobase pool, and E2F transcription factor pathway inhibition.