Notably, PD-L1 positivity (> 5% or > 1% of tumor cells positive for PD-L1 staining) is associated with a better overall response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) to anti-PD-1 immunotherapies [3, 4, 6, 8–10]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is neoplasm.