In normal melanocytes, inactive PARP1 attaches to the CXCL1 promoter and prevents NF-κB from binding to the promoter; however, in cancer cells, PARP1 activation and PAR modification have resulted in a loss of its binding to the CXCL1 promoter, thus allowing NF-κB binding and enhanced CXCL1 expression [52] (Figure 2b). Here, CXCL1 is linked to cancer.