In this respect, we note that a high dose of intrathecal PACAP can elevate blood pressure directly by activating PAC1 receptors on SPN innervating noradrenaline-secreting adrenal medulla chromaffin cells (Inglott et al., 2012) and that PACAP knockout mice, a proposed model of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) with blunted cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia (Cummings et al., 2004), also have reduced TH expression (Arata et al., 2013). Here, ADCYAP1 is linked to sudden infant death syndrome.