There was also no change in PACAP receptor mRNA or NMDA1a receptor mRNA collected from RVLM punches of rats that had undergone AIH (n = 6), intrathecal PACAP prior to AIH (n = 6), intrathecal PACAP antagonist prior to AIH (n = 6), intrathecal intermittent PACAP (n = 6) and intrathecal intermittent PBS (n = 6); quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), data not shown. This evidence concerns the gene ADCYAP1 and autoimmune hepatitis.