Statistical analysis revealed a total of 437 IgG autoAbs and 1213 IgM autoAbs, which had significantly elevated levels in SLE patients compared with NC (fold change ≥1.5 and P ≤ 0.05) (Figure 1A and B, Table S1, sheets 1 and 2). Here, CD40LG is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.