CD4 and neoplasm: The major novel findings of this study were as follows: CD4 + cell density was an independent prognostic factor in our multivariate analysis; FOXP3 + cell infiltration was confirmed to be a positive predictive marker for resectable CRC; the combination of low CD4 + cell infiltration and low FOXP3 + cell infiltration was an accurate prognostic factor for low survival in CRC patients; and the MSI status of tumours was significantly associated with a high CD3 + cell density and CD8 + cell density, but not with a high CD4 + cell density or FOXP3 + cell density.