MSI-H tumours, which are caused by a lack of or an alteration in mismatch repair genes, are present in ~6–16% of CRC cases, and are associated with a favourable outcome and a lower potential for metastasis.43,44 Our results in CD3 + and CD8 + cells were consistent with those of previous reports, but our results in CD4 + and FOXP3 + cells were not. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and colorectal carcinoma.