VEGFA and osteoporosis: Angiogenic signaling (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Tie2, FGF, HIF1α) and endothelial cell (EC) proliferation are attenuated in aging animals and age-dependent decline in angiogenesis leads to the development of aging-associated diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, osteoporosis, diabetes, and COPD [3–5].