GLO1 and diabetic encephalopathy: Also described as a C. americanum extract component, okanin 4′-O-glucoside was noted for its neuroprotective effect in diabetic encephalopathy, by attenuating methylglyoxal-induced damages in the mitochondrial function and production of ROS, and increasing glyoxalase I enzymatic activity [109], key enzyme in cellular defense against glycative and oxidative stress [110].