The programmed death (PD)-1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway is one of these mechanisms to elude antitumor immune response, by which expansion and activity of cytotoxic T cells is suppressed by binding of the tumor cell’s PD-L1 on the PD-1 receptor on tumor-specific T cells1,12,13. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.