EPO and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: In addition, previous studies illustrated that EPO can attenuate hippocampal neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and cholinergic deficit in rats [10], and can function as a neuroprotectant against amyloid beta (Aβ) toxicity [11, 12], which is a principal consideration for the development of treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).