The NF‐κB cis‐acting elements regulate the promoter of p22phoxNAD(P)H oxidase gene in human aortic smooth muscle cells.137 The findings that revealed that NF‐κB enters the mitochondria of the obese mouse with diabetes and increases mitochondrial O2− suggest the nontranscriptional role of NF‐κB in ROS production.138 Since NF‐κB activity leads to elevated ROS production, while ROS activates NF‐κB, the ROS generated by NAD(P)H oxidase will upregulate NF‐κB, initiating a positive feedback mechanism for ROS generation.108. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and diabetes mellitus.