NPY and diabetic retinopathy: Neuropeptide Y Receptor subtype 2(NPY2R) is a G protein-coupled receptor for NPY, a neurotransmitter released by endothelial cells implicated in ischemic angiogenesis.35 There is substantial genetic, biologic, and functional data supporting a role for neuropeptide Y signaling in diabetic retinopathy.36–39 rs918519 (35 kb upstream of LOC285626) has been previously associated with PDR.22 This gene encodes an uncharacterized, long non-coding RNA.