IFNG and inflammatory bowel disease: For example, IFNγ-programmed M1-like macrophages are unaffected by dual-stimulation with TLR and FcγR ligands relative to TLR stimulation alone, while M2-like macrophages and DCs exhibit a potent Th17-inducing phenotype in response to IgG-opsonised bacteria.66,67 Whether this phenotype translates to intestinal macrophages isolated IBD patients, however, remains to be investigated.