Subsequent studies have shown that the RET/PTC1 rearrangement is also a common type of oncogenic mutation in the childhood thyroid cancers after the Chernobyl accident [28], and the RET/PTC rearrangements are now recognized as predominant driver mutations in both radiation-related and sporadic childhood papillary thyroid cancers [29,30]. The gene discussed is RET; the disease is thyroid cancer.