SMAD4 and pancreatic neoplasm: Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include late-onset, metastatic disease presentation, family history (~15% of the PDAC cases carry mutations in BRCA2, BRCA1, CDKN2A, ATM, STK11, PRSS1, MLH1, and PALB2), genetic alterations (RAS oncogene is mutated in 90% of cases), cigarette smoking, and inactivating mutations (TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4 ARID1A, MLL3, and TGFBR2) [2].