Consistent with the role of UCP2 in decreasing oxidative stress, several studies havesuggested that polymorphisms in the UCP2 gene are associated withROS-related pathologies (Ji et al.,2004; Yu et al.,2009; Chai et al.,2012) and with the development of DM and its chronic complications (Jia et al., 2009; Crispim et al., 2010; de Souza et al., 2012, 2013, 2015). The gene discussed is UCP2; the disease is diabetes mellitus.