SOX2 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: External influences also concern non-small cell lung cancer, where a smoking-induced injury response [64] was shown to trigger a premalignant state characterized by PI3K induction and molecularly uncoupled SOX2 expression in basal epithelial cells [64], while in dysplasia expression of SOX2 may depend on FGF triggered MAPK/ERK signaling [65].