TNF and neoplasm: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were significantly upregulated (up-DEGs) in the high-exp group (log2 fold change > 2, P < 0.05; Supplementary Dataset 1) were associated with malignant tumor behavior and immune and inflammatory responses—e.g., collagen catabolism, wound healing, positive regulation of cell proliferation, cell adhesion, inflammatory response, cellular response to tumor necrosis factor, chemokine-mediated signaling, neutrophil chemotaxis, monocyte chemotaxis, response to lipopolysaccharide, acute-phase response, and immune response (Figure 4A, 4B).