Despite the promoting effects of TDEs on angiogenesis, since besides tumor cells, hepatocytes, nonparenchymal liver cells and immune cells also secret exosomes in HCC, purifying the CLEC3Bhigh exosomes from these non-tumor cells and applying these exosome in HCC treatments, especially in VEGF-targeting therapy, might have promising prospect [16, 45–47]. Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.