ADIPOQ and Insulin resistance: Interestingly, it is also reported that blood adiponectin levels are elevated during fasting or starvation or under caloric restriction, and the mechanisms involved include elevated blood levels of HMW adiponectin associated with the activation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) (30, 31), improvements in insulin resistance as shown in the liver of high-fat diet-fed mice (32), increased expression of adiponectin and inhibition of inflammatory cytokines (33) associated with the deacetylation by SIRT1 of Lus268 and Lys293 in PPAR-γ.