Furthermore, the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 was found to be decreased in a mouse model of obesity/type 2 diabetes, which likely accounted in part for the onset of diabetes in the model, while adenovirus-mediated restoration of AdipoR1 expression in the liver was found to activate the AMPK pathway and restoration of AdipoR2 expression was found to activate PPARα, promote fatty acid oxidation, and improve impaired glucose tolerance in vivo through its anti-oxidative stress effects (47). This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOR1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.