In order to evaluate the effect of neutralization of the targeted cytokines IFN-γ and IL-6 on the network of pro-inflammatory mediators produced in the airways in response to co-infection, the levels of TNF-α, CCL-5, IL-1ß, GM-CSF, IL-10, IFN-α, IFN-ß, CXCL-10, IL-12p70, CCL-2, and CXCL-1 were determined. Here, TNF is linked to coinfection.