Studies have found that membrane-expressed EF-Tu mediates cytoskeletal complex formation (Defeu Soufo et al., 2010; Matsubayashi et al., 2013) and acts as a virulence factor by binding to complement and fibronectin to facilitate infection (Kunert et al., 2007; Balasubramanian et al., 2008). This evidence concerns the gene FN1 and infection.