CXCR4 and colorectal carcinoma: Most of the ten genes share a gene signature common to metastatic traits: ECM1 is expressed throughout the intestine, and overexpression of ECM1 suggests malignant epithelial cancer as in CRC [36]; CXCL2 [37] and CXCL1 [38] mediate metastatic processes; cells with CXCR4 upregulation shows less sensitivity toward radiotherapy [39]; ACTN1 [40] and S1PR3 [41] aid in invasion enhancement [36]; and C5AR1 can increase cell permeability [42].