In fact, chronic and low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) have been associated with neurodegeneration in aging [36,37] and cellular senescence markers have been observed in brain tissues from Alzheimer's disease patients, such as p16INK4A expression, increased p38MAPK activity, and IL6 and TGFβ mRNA expression [38–41]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.