ALCAM and familial hypercholesterolemia: According to the results of gene expression profiling, we found that the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule gene (ALCAM) was downregulated by overexpression of GNPDA2 and upregulated by deficiency of GNPDA2. ALCAM, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is induced by hypercholesterolemia and is involved in immune responses upon inflammatory stimulation [16].