PLAU and neoplasm: Tumor cells have long been known to promote a hypercoagulable state by activating the hemostatic system through the expression of cell surface proteins, such as tissue factor (TF), cancer procoagulant (CP), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) or 2 (PAI-2) [2].