Using multiple regression analysis, we analysed the relationship between faecal and fasting circulating SCFA with fasting glucose, insulin, circulating lipids (free fatty acids (FFA), triacylglycerols (TAG), glycerol), insulin resistance index (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), gut hormone concentrations (PYY, GLP-1), fasting substrate utilization and inflammation markers including lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). The gene discussed is GCG; the disease is Insulin resistance.