Some studies suggest that TNPO3 participates in the nuclear import of PICs [9,25,39,40] whereas other authors propose that TNPO3 promotes HIV-1 infection though the interaction with HIV-1 CA [41–43] or indirectly through the interaction of CPSF6 with HIV-1 CA [12]. The gene discussed is TNPO3; the disease is HIV-1 infection.