KLK3 and cancer: Prostate cancer has the second-high prevalence among cancer in men, which has become a severe medical problem.[1] Although patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer may survival for a long time without progression, high-risk disease defined using D’Amico criteria (prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≥ 20 ng/dL, Gleason score higher than 7, and clinical state ≥ T2c) are prone to recur and metastasize after local therapy.[2] Radical prostatectomy (RP) only is far from adequate for the locally advanced prostate cancer, including disease with pelvic lymph node involvement.