HP and pancreatic neoplasm: Multivariate Cox regression analysis (adjusted for age, gender, education, CCI and serum glucose level) for the association between markers of chronic inflammation and risk of pancreatic cancer showed a positive association with risk of pancreatic cancer for those with higher levels of serum haptoglobin (≥1.4 g/L) compared to those with haptoglobin levels < 1.4 g/L [HR: 2.23 (95% CI 1.72–2.88)].