INS and hepatocellular carcinoma: Consistent with PA promoting an insulin resistance‐like phenotype (Stabile et al, 1998; Xu et al, 2007; Nakamura et al, 2009; Egnatchik et al, 2014; Gurzov et al, 2014), treating the rat hepatoma cell line H4IIE with PA for 24 h led to an attenuated pAkt (S473) response to insulin (Figs 1A and EV1A), and increased ROS (Fig 1B) and G6Pase mRNA, relative to OA, without impairing the expected insulin‐induced increase of INSR/IGF1R phosphorylation and reduction of G6Pase expression (Fig 1C).