APC and neoplasm: Wnt ligands and Wnt constructive components are frequently mutated, and over- or under-expressed in many different human cancers – in particular, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) in colorectal cancer [14], CTNNB1 (encoding β-Catenin) in colon adenocarcinoma [15], lung adenocarcinoma [16], and endometrial carcinoma [17], and WTX (Wilms tumor gene on the X chromosome, also known as FAM123B) in Wilms tumor [18], etc. are the most commonly dysregulated canonical Wnt elements.