In response to fungal infections, several host immune defenses can be activated including, (i) melanization, mediated by the prophenoloxidase pathway [37], (ii) cellular immune defenses, such as the phagocytosis mediated by hemocytes [38] and nodulation [39], and (iii) humoral immune defenses, that include production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) via the action of the Toll and/or immune deficiency (Imd) pathways [40, 41]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and fungal infectious disease.