Although inflammation has been reported to contribute to atherosclerosis development[33], our results show, to our knowledge for the first time, that long-term chronic OSM treatment independently of cholesterol-lowering, results in significantly smaller and less severe atherosclerotic lesions in APOE*3Leiden.CETP mice, clearly indicating that prolonged exposure to OSM has anti-atherogenic effects. Here, CETP is linked to atherosclerosis.