PDCD1 and metastatic melanoma: As described above, our small molecule, Compound A, was also identified as a potent immunomodulator that is able to induce cytokine production (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and T cell proliferation, at levels comparable to pembrolizumab – an approved anti-PD-1 human mAb for treating metastatic melanoma (Fig. 10).