The C-terminal amino acid residues T1247, S1248 and N1251 are involved in ERK activation in pancreatic or ovarian cancer [27,69,73], by mechanisms that are not yet fully elucidated, but do not depend on binding to integrins [69] or to RanBPM [72], a protein involved in MAPK activation in non-tumor cells [73]. The gene discussed is RANBP9; the disease is ovarian cancer.