Transfection of miR-124 instead induces differentiation of CD133+ cells by targeting the Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein 1 (PTBP1), SOX9 and RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) pathways, and leads to G1 cell cycle arrest in glioma and MB cells, by inhibiting its targets Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6, confirming that miRNAs play a pivotal role in the regulation of the biology of CD133+ cells from gliomas [58,59,63,64]. The gene discussed is PTBP1; the disease is central nervous system cancer.