In Europe, it is estimated that about 1 in 2000 people have AAT deficiency, an inherited genetic disorder, totaling about 370,000 people with low levels of AAT in plasma (15–25 mg/dl, with respect to the diagnostic reference levels of 90–200 mg/dL) (http://orpha.net, last access: 20/11/2018). This evidence concerns the gene SERPINA1 and alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.