A complex interplay of different pro-inflammatory (such as Interleukin-6, or IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor, or TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Transforming Growth Factors α and β or TGF-α and β), different transcription factors (NF-κβ, STAT-3), and their signaling pathways are involved in HCC development [19,20]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.